Each dispatcher had a computer CRT screen, which access information regarding stolen vehicles and pick-ups for other divisions. The Special Response Group (SRG) was formed to handle large crowds and special events. . On October 19, 1926, Magnolia Park, the first substation was opened. The average response time was reduced from 5.8 to 3.81 minutes. While Brown was considered a successful chief, he also earned the unflattering moniker "Out of Town Brown" for his many lengthy trips away from Houston during his tenure.[7]. PHONE: 713-308-1600 After four-and-a-half years leading the Houston Police Department, Art Acevedo has stepped down to take the role of top cop in Miami. That year also marked the department's first purchase of bulletproof vests for their officers. The Ford Crown Victoria Police Interceptor is also used in this manner - as of late 2011 the stealth patrol vehicles are now painted black. But it held that the Act did prohibit non-classified employees from supervising classified employees. July 18 Harris County District Attorney Pat Lykos has called for the establishment of an emergency city-county DNA lab to dispose of thousands of untested cases. Recently Fallen. Updated: 4:46 PM CDT April 5, 2021. In 1941, Neal Picket was elected Mayor of Houston named Ray Ashworth as Chief of police. ", "Final Report of the Independent Investigator for the Houston Police Department Crime Laboratory and Property Room", "HPD's crime lab faces proficiency-test inquiry - Houston Chronicle", "Tab for Safe Clear towing so far: $680,000", "City of Houston Freeway Crashes Annual Comparison", "Hurtt calls for cameras to catch traffic violators - Houston Chronicle", "Chron.com - Interactive map of Houston traffic light cameras | Chron.com - Houston Chronicle", Red-light ordinance faces fight in Austin / Lawmaker has filed a bill to kill the camera plan; privacy, fairness cited as concerns, "Citations to start going out for red light runners", "Civilian officers on scooters will fight Inner Loop gridlock - Houston Chronicle", HPD'S WAR ON CRIME GOES INTO OVERTIME / City promises 564 more officers, $24 million for OT, Acres Homes search to focus on dumped bodies cases, "The Horror Every Day: Police Brutality In Houston Goes Unpunished", "HPD helicopter crashes in north Houston injuring 2 officers", "Man charged in shooting deaths of his girlfriend and her mother at west Houston apartment", City plans 'hugely important' new justice complex, "Meet & Confer Agreement between the Houston Police Officers' Union (HPOU) as the Majority Bargaining Agent for all Police Officers and the City of Houston, Texas for Fiscal Years 2011 through 2015", "Call It What You Want, the Hans Era Was Historic", "Bradford retiring, cites wife's pregnancy With audio - Houston Chronicle", "Jack Heard, former HPD chief, dies at 87 - Houston Chronicle", "HPD police badges were once issued to every cook, janitor and elevator operator at the station", "Carrol Lynn: The 'Good Test Taker' Landed in Recruiting", "Houston Public Library Digital Archives", "Lynn only Houston Chief to Serve Prison Term", "Houston Police Department, Texas, Fallen Officers", "Houston Airport Police Department, Texas, Fallen Officers", "Houston City Marshal's Office, Texas, Fallen Officers", "Law Enforcement Management and Administrative Statistics, 2000: Data for Individual State and Local Agencies with 100 or More Officers", "A Record 51.7 Percent of HPD Officers Have College Degrees", "Houston chief calls 1977 police killing 'straight-up murder', "Chad Holley's Police Beating Is Subject of an Angry NAACP Town Hall Meeting", "Jury reaches verdict in Chad Holley's trial", "4 charged, 7 fired, 12 disciplined in HPD", "Not guilty verdict in case against ex-Houston officer Andrew Blomberg", "FORMER COPCONVICTED THIEF GETS 16 YEAR PRISON TERM - dm.news", "The Harding Street Raid: 2 People Arrested By Former Houston Police Officer Gerald Goines Have Been Exonerated. On April 21, 1911, Mayor Baldwin Rice hires Frank Hamer to assist special officers who were investigating a gang that had killed several HPD officers. This is a list of law enforcement agencies in the U.S. state of Texas.. Tenured officers whose handguns are "grandfathered in" are still allowed to carry their weapons after the mandated .40 (S&W) requirement. Chief of Police Commendation: may be presented to any department employee who demonstrated a high degree of professional excellence or initiative through the success of initiating, developing, or implementing difficult projects, programs, or investigations. Houston was founded by brothers Augustus and John Kirby Allen in 1836 and incorporated as a city the next year, 1837. In 1920, HPD revised its application examination to cover its duties, responsibilities, various procedures and firearms policies. In 1918 HPD hired Eva Jane Bacher as its first policewoman and in 1921 was assigned to the Public Moral and safety squad (Which later turned into the Vice Division), making her the first female Detective. The current Chief of Police is Troy Finner. On July 2, 2007, Mayor Bill White started a new program called the "Mobility Response Team". The following list also contains officers from the Houston Airport Police Department and the Houston City Marshal's Office, which were merged into HPD.[when?][41][42][43]. Houston was founded by brothers Augustus and John Kirby Allen in 1836 and incorporated as a city the next year, 1837. During a Houston City Council meeting on 6.11.08, council member James Rodriguez suggested the installation of an additional 200 cameras. In the end, it was Chuck Young's experience both as deputy chief here and his over 40 years in law enforcement that led city officials to promote him to chief of the Victoria Police Department. Members of the People's Party II had dared any HPD unit to drive down Dowling. 1988: In 1990 Chief Brown left Houston to be the Police Commissioner for the New York Police Department. Hubert Arturo Acevedo (born July 31, 1964) is an American police officer who is the interim chief of police of the Aurora Police Department as of December 2022. He was sentenced to 25 years in prison. Internal Affairs, Organizational Development Command, and Support Services Command report to the Executive Chief. Other complaints were that stranded motorists did not have an option to choose their own garage. Lee Patrick Brown (born October 4, 1937) is an American politician, criminologist and businessman; in 1997 he was the first . Additionally, the following tools and policies were added to the police department in. Inspector fell under assistant chief and resided directly above captain, until the rank retired in 1978. [28], The Houston Police Department administrative offices and investigative offices are at 1200 Travis in Downtown Houston. But one thing is known: The average tenure for some big-city chiefs in Texas is in decline. A majority of them are located at a thoroughfare at a freeway intersection - primarily in the Galleria and southwest Houston. Officer Andrew Blomberg, the first of four officers to go on trial, was acquitted of charges of "Official Oppression". City Council approved the hiring of 30 civilians to replace police officers in clerical and telephone work. As Houston became a larger metropolis throughout the 1930s and 1940s, the HPD found itself growing and acquiring more technology to keep up with the city's fast pace. Nyssa Police Department. With approximately 5,300 officers and 1,200 civilian support personnel it is the fifth-largest municipal police department, serving the fourth-largest city in the United States. [2] The first African American woman police officer on the force, Margie Duty, joined the HPD in 1953, starting in the Juvenile Division. January 4: Mayor Annise Parker and Houston Police Chief Charles A. McClelland, Jr announced that city murder rate has been the lowest per capita, since 1965 to 198, a 26.4% drop from the previous year. Snap-on ties would be worn for safety reasons. All pilots and tactical flight officers are sworn Houston police officers. The Bill Blackwood Institute, Law Enforcement Management Institute of Texas (LEMIT), at Sam Houston State University provides free continuing education for heads of police departments. That same year police communications were improved dramatically with the . After 47 days in office, Mayor Lanier announced the replacement of Chief Watson with former HPD Deputy Chief Sam Nuchia who was then serving as an assistant U.S. Attorney in Houston. 1894 was the year where the department hired its first two police detectives and purchased a patrol wagon. July 21: The Chief announced that the police helicopters would have to fly reduced hours from 21 hours a day to 3 a day. [34] Jack Heard was promoted to chief from the rank of sergeant. HPD squads are usually retired when the vehicle reaches 100,000 miles (they are not reassigned to reserve or secondary duty as with the Austin or San Antonio PD after 80,000 miles) - some squads dating over 10 model years old which are no longer used for patrol duty are usually reassigned either as bait squads (HPD will park an unmanned squad in a high crime area or illegal dumping site) or the Mobility Response Division - the older HPD fleet used by Mobility Response have been retired and replaced with Ford F150 extended cab pickup trucks from the Truck Enforcement Unit. Isaac C. Lord lobbied and succeeded in adopting the dress uniform which states, "The dress of the members of the police force shall be navy blue, indigo die and all wool." [46], In June 2021, police chief Troy Finner apologized to the Torres family, calling the killing "straight-up murder. The new facility was equipped with the latest security system and would house 2,200 employees. HPD moved to its new building that same year. "Bill" Smith and James Marion West Jr. to help Police officers by providing assistance when officers are hurt or killed in the line of duty. On Monday morning, Houston Police Chief Troy Finner was sworn . Frequent complaints were that the program unfairly punished lower-income motorists by enforcing a high towing fee and that the program could potentially damage vehicles that required special tow trucks and equipment to be safely towed away. New pay increases were established for officers with 17 years of seniority and sergeants and lieutenant with 3 and 8 years of seniority respectively. [22], The police chief said the effort will put more officers to work immediately in troubled areas of the city such as Third Ward and Acres Homes, where the bodies of seven women have been found in the past two years. The Missing Persons Division was established. [10], In the October 6, 2007 The Houston Chronicle published allegations of Employees cheating on an open-book proficiency test.[12]. These agencies employed 59,219 sworn police officers, about 244 for each 100,000 residents. Night after night journalists David Raziq, Anna Werner and Chris Henao presented case after case in which the lab's work was dangerously sloppy or just plain wrong and may have been sending the innocent to prison while letting the guilty go free. April 27 Houston expects to increase its Bait car fleet to 14, making it one of the largest in the Country. . The Chief also requested and was approved by city council to abolish the deputy chief rank and replaced it with assistant chiefs to flatten the department's hierarchy. A temporary lab, which some officials say could be outfitted in vacant labs at the Texas Medical Center for $1.3million, would meet local needs until the construction of a regional crime lab that is part of Harris County's long-range plans. Irma Rios was hired in 2003 as Lab Director, replacing Interim Lab Director Frank Fitzpatrick. The monthly retirement pay for police personnel with 20 years of service base on 30% of their base salary. Ashworth quickly instituted the following changes: In 1945, The Houston Police Officers Association (HPOA) was established. This page was last edited on 2 April 2023, at 14:04. George Seber was promoted to assistant chief in either 1953 or 1954[38] and was second in command of the department. The act must clearly indicate the employee did at least one of the following: (a) rendered exceptional first aid or (b) made a successful rescue (e.g. On January 20 of that year, Mayor Whitmire announced that Deputy Chief Elizabeth "Betsy" Watson as the new Chief of Police making her the first female to hold that position. The unit was formed with three leased Schweizer-Hughes 269B helicopters and has flown almost exclusively Schweizer or McDonnell Douglas helicopters. These store fronts are not staffed 24 hours a day, and generally open at either 7:00 or 8:00 AM, and close at 5:00 PM. The Department established an Internal Affairs Division whose first cases included the beating and drowning of. In 1982, the Houston Police Department appointed its first African-American chief of police, Lee P. Brown, who succeeded B.K.Johnson. Defunct ranks include detective, commissioner, captain, inspector, and deputy chief. Chief of Police Unit Citation: may be presented to two or more employees who performed an act or a series of acts over a period of time that demonstrated exceptional bravery or outstanding service to the department or the community. Complaints against members of the Houston Police Department may be initiated in person to a supervisor at any police substation throughout the City of Houston, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. January: Harris County District attorney Chuck Rosenthal announces plans to retest DNA evidence from hundreds of cases. HPD planned to re-institute a mount patrol downtown. The stealth vehicles are plain white police cars with a slicktop roof and gray, reflective "HOUSTON POLICE" graphics on the side as well as on the front bumper, and hidden emergency lights that are driven by uniformed officers. Employees must have demonstrated a high degree of dedication and professionalism in an endeavor that does not meet any other award criteria. It also pointed out various deficiencies of various lab personal in experience and education. In 1982, Mayor Kathryn J. Whitmire was elected the first female mayor of the City of Houston and appointed Lee P. Brown as Chief of Police, who was the first person of color appointed to be Chief of Police and the first to hold a Doctorate. The overtime that is planned would be about equal to 500,000 police hours of which would help bolster various departments including, vice, Westside patrol and traffic enforcement, among other areas including a new 60-member crime reduction unit that will serve as a citywide tactical squad. It is not required to move through every rank below to achieve a higher rank. With the increased use of the police radios, a PBX operator was hired to handle police calls. In 1925, the City of Houston initiated the delivery of complimentary municipal healthcare services for all city employees at the Historic Jefferson Davis Hospital, located in Houston's Historic First Ward. We are dedicated to demonstrating the highest standards of performance, best practices in policing and accountability, while serving . This allowed for "Scout Cars" to be deployed more effectively and designed to create a feeling of friendliness and safety between the department and citizens. Trejo was fired from the department. They inflated the number of persons they claimed attended in order to gain additional funds. Geo News Special - Pakistani-American Yasir Bashir appointed assistant chief of USA policeFor More Videos Subscribe - https://www.youtube.com/geonewsVisit ou. Six Houston police officers took Torres to a spot called "The Hole" next to Buffalo Bayou and beat him. [52], In April 2011, Sergeant Ruben Trejo crashed his private vehicle into a school bus while driving to work. While the department's beginning was humble, it grew more advanced as technology became available and was able to handle the various challenges that would plague various cities as well as some of the more distinctive aspects of its geography. Lord was the first in 1875). which is described as the following: The city and the HPD addressed these concerns with program improvements that provided funds to pay for short tows that removed stalled vehicles from the freeway and then allowed drivers to choose their own garage and tow companies once they were safely off the freeway. They report traffic light outages, issue parking citations, help clear and direct traffic around minor accidents, or traffic jams during special events in the area. Brown's appointment was controversial from the start. The Houston Police Department and the People's Party II clashed in the area of St. John's Baptist Church on 2800 Dowling Street. 1894 was the year where the department hired its first two police detectives and purchased a patrol wagon. Morrison that lasted 5 weeks. Particularly of interest to the reporters were criminal cases that involved DNA analysis and serological (body fluid) testing. Breakdown of the makeup of the rank and file of HPD:[44], Breakdown of the types of academic degrees held by HPD members:[45], In May 1977, Joe Campos Torres (1954 - May 5, 1977), a 23-year-old Vietnam War veteran, was arrested for disorderly conduct at a bar in Houston's predominantly Hispanic East End neighborhood. The Department adopted the San Jose model to begin an organized field training program. He was released from prison in March 2003 and given a full pardon in 2004. Some of the retired "baby blue" cruisers are sold at auctions with all police equipment stripped and returned to be reused in other cruisers. The second-in-command Deputy Marshal was the first black officer to hold that position among those hired. In 1940, HPD had grown to 466 officers. Police1 law enforcement directory is a comprehensive list of federal, state, and local law enforcement agencies in the United States. On January 25, The Houston Police Department has once again closed the DNA division of its troubled crime lab, following the resignation of its chief and the suspension of two other employees, ending an investigation into an alleged cheating scandal. The 33 Artesian facility houses the communication and maintenance facilities. A high school graduate or have passed an entrance exam given by the, In excellent physical condition with no history of asthma, hay fever, tuberculosis, or diabetes. October 26, Six year veteran HPD Officer Reuben De Leon Jr. was murdered in the line of duty in an apartment complex. [28], A map of all stations and store front locations can be found at the HPD web site. The officer complement at this time was 12, with an even number of black and white officers. Former Chief Art Acevedo carried a Smith & Wesson M&P and it is also the standard sidearm of the Austin Police Department from which he came. In the mid-1980s, all active duty detectives were reclassified to sergeants. Professional Development. The Harris County Sheriff's Office (HCSO) is a local law enforcement agency serving the over four million citizens of Harris County, Texas, United States.It is headquartered on the first and second floors in the 1200 Baker Street Jail in Downtown Houston.. As of the 2010 U.S. census sheriff's office in the state of Texas and the sixth largest in the nation. [6] It was as a result of these riots that the still-active Community Relations Division was created within the HPD. In 1933 The Police and Fire Departments were merged briefly under the Department of Safety. [53][54], In August 2011, press reports stated that the department held more than 7,000 used rape kits that had never been tested. HPD says it will review about 200 narcotics cases following the suspension of an HPD crime laboratory analyst accused of failing to properly secure evidence in drug investigations. Let Chief Finner know. The department also has Schweizer 300 helicopters for training. Office of Chief of Police The overtime that is planned would be about equal to 500,000 police hours of which would help bolster various departments including, vice, Westside patrol and traffic enforcement, among other areas including a new 60-member crime reduction unit that will serve as a citywide tactical squad. This is the official twitter account for the Houston Police Department. However, Aimpoint electronic optical sights are still allowed. 3. Plainclothes officers are now authorized to carry the Glock 43 or Smith & Wesson M&P Shield as their primary weapon. Candidates for the rank of commander must hold at least a bachelor's degree. This organization later became the Houston Police Officers Union. In 2002, Bradford was indicted and later acquitted of perjury charges, stemming from an incident in which he allegedly lied under oath about cursing fellow officers.[8]. Turner also announced an overhaul to the Independent Police Oversight Board with a . For emergencies dial 911. Plans are underway to have this judicial ruling heard by the. July 19 A decommissioned Boeing 737 was added acquired by, November 15 The Red Light program comes to an end after a. January 1: HPD reports that 2010 murders are down 7% at 267, compared to 287 from 2009. On February 7, rumors that HPD is looking at selling the HPD complex at 61 Reisner and the Headquarters at 1200 Travis to raise funds to build a new compound for its force. It has been considered a success because of the amount of property recovered and arrests made and has been said that it has more than made up for its $90,000 cost.[56]. The Houston Police Officers Association (HPOA) was created in 1945. [61], Overtime and "Hot Spot" patrol concentration, HPD punishes 7 officers for conduct in wreck, by James Pinkerton, September 20, 2011, Houston Chronicle, Houston cop injured in crash with schoolbus, by khou.com staff, April 13, 2011, HPD rape case backlog is far worse than feared; Crime lab finds another 3,000-plus untested rape kits;'Disgraceful,' activist says after HPD inventory, by Anita Hassan, 9 August 2011, Houston Chronicle, Jurors sentence ex-HPD cop to life in prison for raping waitress, by Kevin Reece, 8 October 2012, KHOU 11 News, No charges against HPD officer who killed double amputee in a wheelchair, by James Pinkerton, Houston Chronicle June 13, 2013, Former HPD officer pleads guilty in a theft sting, by Brian Rogers, August 9, 2013, Houston Chronicle, Former HPD cop pleads guilty in rape case, by Brian Rogers, Houston Chronicle, 15 October 2013, United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit, Learn how and when to remove this template message, List of law enforcement agencies in Texas, "Here's how much money goes to police departments in largest cities across the U.S.", "How Houston's civic leaders responded to the lynching of Robert Powell in 1928", "50 years later, what does the TSU 'riot' mean for Houston? Hostile Engagement Award: may be presented to officers who acted judiciously in the line of duty and performed acts upholding the high standards of the law enforcement profession while engaging in hostile confrontations with suspects wielding deadly weapons. There is also a small fleet of Dodge Chargers and Chevrolet Camaros, which are mainly used as "stealth traffic patrol vehicles" (which is part of the Traffic Enforcement division). Worse, many people had been convicted and sent to prison based upon the evidence contained in the crime lab. [33], Promotion to sergeant through captain all occur via a civil service formula that factors into account performance on the written examination for the respective rank, assessment score, years of service, and level of higher education or 4 years of military service. The first HPD badge issued bore the number "1.". The history of the Houston Police Department started with the founding of the City of Houston. [30] By the end of 1989 the police department had established 19 storefronts and planned to open 10 additional storefronts in 1990.[31]. He instituted several changes including "Neighborhood Oriented Policing. " Additionally in 1939, HPD started its first Police Academy Class held at the Sam Houston Coliseum under the direction of Captain L.D. [58], In October 2013, Officer Adan Jimenez Carranza pleaded guilty to "attempted sexual assault" for raping a woman in the back of his patrol car after investigating a minor traffic accident. Officers may be eligible to receive the Blue Heart Award in conjunction with another award such as the Meritorious Service Award or the Lifesaving Award. The helicopter division patrols about a 700-square-mile (1,800km2) area. Jenkins and Frost, I'm Frank Hamer, Abilene:State House Press, 1993.44,print, Texas Commission on Law Enforcement Officers Standards and Education, Special Weapons and Tactical (SWAT) Squad, automated fingerprint identification system, United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit, "Houston 101: An Earlier Time When Shots Rang Out At TSU", "Ex-Police Chief Sentenced in Extortion Plot", Giddyup with HPD The Houston Police Department's horse unit is a valuable public relations tool, Houston DNA Review Clears Convicted Rapist, and Ripples in Texas Could Be Vast, HPD crime lab worker out; 200 cases in doubt, "Some workers accused of cheating on proficiency test; inquiry launched", "HPD: Crime Lab Employees Cheated on Open Book Test", Red-light cameras', million put to use on police force, New system alerts HPD to vehicles linked to crimes, Latino officers' suit alleges HPD race bias, New vehicle gives HPD more protection at SWAT scenes, HPD again shuts down crime lab's DNA unit, City planning to sell off buildings, build new HPD complex, HPD academy fires cadet accused of stealing money, Police getting plenty of catches using bait cars, HPD will have 5,000 officers for first time since 2005, HPD urges stores to register under new security rules, Convenience Stores Ordered To Increase Security, A brake on crime Rigged cars come with one-way ticket to jail, New HPD property room called 'dream come true', New Property Room Erases Police Problems of Past, Two convicted in death of HPD Officer Canales, Police say rape suspect may be tied to slayings, Houston police create new domestic violence unit, Police using database to watch pawned items Listing helps locate thieves and stolen property, Activists seek federal probe of police shootings, New Police Chief, New Airport Director for Houston, New HPD Chief McClelland no stranger to obstacles, HPD's High-tech center helping solve crimes, Officers Allowed to March in Gay Pride Parade, New Houston Police Station Opens its Doors, New police station opens in southwest Houston, Backlog prompts Lykos to call for emergency DNA lab, "Red-Light Cameras To Be Turned Off Voters Decided To End Red-Light Program", Homicides in Houston continue 5-year decline, "HPD Chief: Cutting helicopter hours will not compromise public safety", "Citations to start going out for red light runners", "Mayor: Houston's Murder Rate Hits Historic Low in 2011", History of Houston Police Department at ERIC: Education Resources Information Center, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_the_Houston_Police_Department&oldid=1118702856, History of law enforcement in the United States, History of organizations based in the United States, Articles with dead external links from February 2013, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2017, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2010, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. December Carrol Lynn appointed to Chief of Police. At the time HPD ordered 50 new Ford Police Interceptor Utilities for the command staff but not the mainstream vehicle fleet (the department has procured newer vehicles but the budget crunch has taken in a few new orders whilst the older squads are still operational. This was part of the mayor's plan to improve mobility in city and is the first of its kind in the United States. [15], In December 2004, Chief Hurtt (when he was the former chief of Oxnard, CA) stated that when the city of Oxnard installed their red light cameras, it has claimed that red light running decreased dramatically although Houston was in the process of favoring red light camera enforcement. [18], A voter referendum during the 2010 Texas gubernatorial elections to eliminate red-light cameras passed. HPD is the largest municipal police department in Texas. [13], At the beginning of the year, HPD's Theft Division acquired access to Leadsonline,[55] a privately owned online database of pawned merchandise to tap into the databases of the city's 133 pawnshops, junk yards, and thrift stores, as well as across the country. Select tow truck companies across the city were authorized to tow a stalled vehicle as soon as possible after being notified by an HPD officer. This is a continuing trend for the past five years. Also, many assistant chiefs are promoted directly from the rank of lieutenant. DNA division resumes testing after receiving accreditation. However, the city panel responsible for disciplining the lab technicians repeatedly resisted these arguments and instead reduced the employees' punishments[citation needed]. The Glock 21, SIG Sauer P227, and Smith & Wesson M&P 45 are approved sidearms for uniformed officers. HOUSTON Troy Finner was sworn in as the new chief of the Houston Police Department during a ceremony Monday at Houston City Hall. Masters of Criminology, University of Houston-Clear Lake. Another feature added was the teleprinter, which simultaneously typed an offense report as a new record was entered into the system. Plainclothes officers may carry the Glock 30 and Smith & Wesson M&P 45c. Troy Finner, a 30-year veteran of the Houston Police Department, became HPD's new leader this April . In 1997, Clarence O. Bradford was appointed as chief. The referendum that passed in November 2010 was later invalidated by U.S. District Judge Lynn Hughes June 17, 2011 citing that the referendum violated the city charter despite the contract with American Traffic Solutions, which provided the camera equipment.
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list of houston police chiefs