catherine howard cause of death

While they were away a courtier, John Lascelles, took the opportunity of some free time to visit his sister Mary. Celebrities and Famous People Who Passed Away Today in History. Whose souls be with God, for they made the most godly and Christian end [Catherine] uttered [her] lively faith in the blood of Christ only [she] desired all Christian people to take regard unto [her] worthy and just punishment.. What was Catherine of Howard's childhood like? Fit for a King (or Queen): the British Royalty Quiz, https://www.britannica.com/question/Why-did-Henry-VIII-kill-his-wives. She had once worked for Duchess Agnes, and Lascelles suggested she apply for a place on Catherines staff. Every day she dressed with new clothes in the French fashion bedecked with precious jewels, decorated in gold around her sleeves. We bring you the facts about Henry VIII's fifth wife and the truth about her adultery and death Catherine Howard is thought to have been born sometime between 1518 and 1524, but the exact date is unknown. Birth information. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. She was too young to take part in administrative matters of State. The most popular theory, first put forward in 2004 by Retha M. Warnicke, was that the relationship between them was abusive, with Mannox grooming and preying on Catherine in 153638, and this is expanded upon in detail by Conor Byrne. After a dark and depressed March, his mood lifted at Easter. Catherine had a longer, sexual relationship with a young noble, Francis Dereham, who was a secretary in her grandmothers household, between 1537 and 1539. The headsman struck off her head with a single stroke of the axe. Her downfall came when Henry learned of her premarital affairs. In her BBC miniseries Six Wives she states that today, instead of the "good-time girl" some historians accuse her of having been, we would call her an "abused child."[45]. Knowing this, Cranmer detailed the allegations in a letter addressed to Henry. Evidence exists that Mannox was not yet married, and it would have been highly unusual for someone from his background at the time to not be married by his mid-thirties. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). The words the chronicler attributes to the queen, then, have to be viewed with great skepticism. Catherine Howard - Wikipedia Her obituary did not disclose the cause of death, leaving many questions unanswered. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. When a young person dies suddenly, it can be tough for their loved ones to accept. The Dowager Duchess was often at Court and seems to have had little direct involvement in the upbringing of her wards and young female attendants. "[12][13], Catherine severed contact with Mannox in 1538, most likely in the spring. While it isnt possible to pinpoint Catherines exact age, the wills of two of her relatives place her year of birth between 1523 and 1527, suggesting that she was significantly younger than 21. Her maternal grandfather and step-grandmother, Parks and Ann Chewning, and maternal grandmother, Marlene Chewning, preceded her in death. As a young teen, Catherine was romantically involved with her music teacher and also with Francis Dereham, who called her his wife. Henry adored Catherine, who restored to him the youth and vitality he thought hed lost. Also read: Laci Peterson Husband: Where Is Scott Lee Peterson? He had his marriage to Anne annulled on July 9, and on July 28 Henry and Catherine were privately married. Both bodies were buried in an unmarked grave in the nearby chapel of St. Peter ad Vincula, where the bodies of Catherine's cousins, Anne and George Boleyn, also lay. Catherine's cause of death was executed. She was born into a very well connected family. Meanwhile, Catherine found herself a fan in her younger stepdaughter, the Princess Elizabeth, who is thought to have been seven years old when Catherine married Henry VIII. Updates? Those who had known Catherine in her youth were found guilty of misprision. The sudden death of Catherine Cat Marie Howard sent shockwaves through her community in Berkeley Lake, GA. At just 24 years old, her passing was unexpected and devastating for her family and friends. While at court she got to know a cousin, Thomas Culpeper, a gentleman of the kings privy chamber. Starkey goes on to say that Johnson recorded that Catherine said that she had offended God heinously from [her] youth upward, in breaking all his commandments, that she had offended against the Kings royal Majesty very dangerously, was justly condemned by the Laws of this realm and Parliament to die and that she required the people to take example at [her], for amendment of their ungodly lives and gladly to obey the King in all things. According to Johnson, Catherine then prayed heartily for [the Kings] preservation, and willed all people so to do. After then she commended her soul into Gods care and asked for His mercy. On All Saints' Day, 1 November 1541, the King arranged to be found praying in the Chapel Royal. Ancestry.com - Death Records The historian David Starkey dated it (from details of her dress and the technique of the miniature) to the short period when Catherine was queen. Regardless of the cause of Cats death, her loved ones were left with a deep sense of loss. Updated on July 19, 2019. There are several spellings of "Katherine". When Catherine Howard was arrested at Hampton Court Palace in November 1541, it is thought she broke free from her guards and ran, screaming, down the corridor to the private Chapel Royal, where Henry was believed to be at Mass. "[T]here is a good chance that any image of Catherine would have been destroyed" after her execution, or "ignored, until their identity became a subject of debate to later generations. Who Were the Six Wives of Henry VIII? - History [34][35] This measure retroactively solved the matter of Catherine's supposed pre-contract and made her unequivocally guilty. Catherine Howard was beheaded on February 13, 1542, in the Tower of London. Mary died on July 19, 1543; her specific cause of death is unknown. When her ladies had removed her mantle and hood, she knelt in the straw and placed herself on the block that was now so familiar to her. [41], Lady Rochford was executed immediately thereafter on Tower Green. Received opinion inspired by the guesswork of the French ambassador Charles de Marillac has it that [Catherine] was born in 1521, and so was 21 when she went to the block, says Josephine Wilkinson. Catherine was beheaded at the Tower of London at 9am on Monday 13 February 1542 along with Lady Jane Rochford. She was executed at the Tower of London on 13 February 1542. It was thought Catherine had intended to commit adultery with Francis Dereham and Thomas Culpeper so while she was innocent of any actual crime, the terms of the 1534 Treasons Act allowed Henry to condemn her for presumptive treason.. This evidence indicates that Mannox too was in his early to mid-twenties in 1536. Thomas Howard was a prominent politician at Henry's court, and he secured her a place in the household of Henry's fourth wife, Anne of Cleves, where she caught the King's interest. Despite this, Catherine and Dereham may have parted with intentions to marry upon his return from Ireland, agreeing to a precontract of marriage. Next was the turn of Jane Boleyn, Lady Rochford, wife of the late George Boleyn, and the woman who was accused of committing high treason by helping Catherine commit adultery. But it was Catherines earlier liaisons that ultimately sealed her fate. [60][63][64][65], Portrait of a Lady, probably a Member of the Cromwell Family c. 15351540(Toledo Museum of Art)[65][64], Portrait of a Lady, thought to be Catherine Howard, 16th century, follower of Hans Holbein the Younger (Hever Castle)[62], Unknown woman, formerly known as Catherine Howard, late 17th century, after Hans Holbein the Younger[65][64], Unknown woman, formerly known as Catherine Howard, 1902, after Hans Holbein the Younger[65][64], In 1967 art historian Sir Roy Strong noted that both the Toledo portrait and the National Portrait Gallery version appear in the context of a series of portraits of members of the family of the Protector's uncle, Sir Oliver Cromwell (c.15621655), and have provenances linking them with the Cromwell family. However, it is unclear whether an autopsy was performed in Cats case or if her family opted not to share the details with the public. [28] She was obliged by a Privy Councillor to return the ring previously owned by Anne of Cleves, which the King had given her; it was a symbol of removal of her regal and lawful rights. Her family received guests at the funeral home on September 29, 2020, from 5:00 to 8:00 pm, and on September 30, 2020, from noon until the service. 11 facts about Catherine Howard - HistoryExtra He ordered those involved to be interrogated and so the whole story of Catherines past came out. [33] The Royal Assent by Commission Act 1541 made it treason, and punishable by death, for a queen consort to fail to disclose her sexual history to the king within 20 Of his six wives, Henry VIII had two killed: Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard. Katharine Basset [71][73] Brett Dolman has noted that the hypothesis is "seductive but inconclusive" and "not supported by the assembled evidence."[74]. But the jealous Mannock informed the Dowager Duchess, who quickly put an end to the relationship. For female sitters, duplicate versions of miniatures only exist for queens at this period. WebWith obituary, cemetary, and burial records, you can uncover details like: Time and location of death. Enjoying HistoryExtra.com? In May 1541, Chapuys reported that Catherine had countenanced with good grace her husbands decision to allow Mary to reside at court. days of their marriage, or to incite someone to commit adultery with her. WebQueen Catherine Howard and Lady Rochford were both executed on 13 February 1542, and were buried in the Church of St Peter ad Vincula, within the Tower of London. Catherine, meanwhile, would not face trial, but instead would be condemned to death by an Act of Attainder, signed by her own husbands hand, says Wilkinson. Catherine Howard, the fifth wife and queen of Henry VIII, was dead. These professionals conduct autopsies and other tests to determine the cause of death in cases that are not immediately apparent. [37], The night before her execution, Catherine is believed to have spent many hours practising how to lay her head upon the block, which had been brought to her at her request. [39], Francis I, when told by Sir William Paget how the queen had "wonderfully abused the king", laid his hand on his heart and announced by his faith as a gentleman that "She hath done wonderous naughtly". When Henry VIII's fifth wife, Catherine Howard, went to the block at a pitifully young age, she did so not because of her own crimes, argues Josephine Wilkinson, but the failings of older men. Catherine was the youngest of Henrys wives and her reign had been one of the shortest. Both versions have long been documented as of Catherine Howard, since 1736 for the Buccleuch version and 1739 (or at least the 1840s) for the Windsor version. The household has been likened by David Starkey to a slackly run boarding school. She screamed to the king for mercy, to no avail,says the Historic Royal Palaces website. That evening she asked to have the block brought in to her, that she might know how to place herself; which was done, and she made trial of it.1, Chapuys goes on to say that at 7am the next morning, the 13th, members of the Kings Council (Suffolk and Norfolk were absent)and other dignatories arrived at the Tower to serve as witnesses to Catherines execution. The disease weakens muscles, causes dementia-like cognitive impairment and typically sets in between the ages of 30 and 40. Therefore, Catherine Howard was the first cousin of Anne Boleyn, and the first cousin once removed of Lady Elizabeth (later Queen Elizabeth I), Anne's daughter by Henry VIII. Your email address will not be published. Catholic Bishop Stephen Gardiner entertained the couple at Winchester Palace with "feastings". Catherine was probably born in Lambeth in about 1524; the exact date of her birth is unknown. WebOf his six wives, Henry VIII had two killed: Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard. [16] As a young and attractive lady-in-waiting, Catherine quickly caught Henry's eye. [23] It has been alleged that in Spring 1541 the pair were meeting secretly. [69][70] Antonia Fraser has argued that the sitter is Jane Seymour's sister, Elizabeth, the widow of Sir Anthony Ughtred, on the grounds that the lady bears a resemblance to Jane, especially around the nose and chin, and wears widow's black. In many cases, the cause of death is determined by a medical examiner or coroner. Catherine Howards death is made all the more tragic by the fact that she was younger than most historians have traditionally had us believe. Catherine Marie Howard obituary revealed her sudden and unexpected death, leaving her family and friends in shock and mourning. Sadly, by the time Catherine was old enough to serve at court, Anne was dead. Meet Alex Sgambati Brother Family And Net Worth. Catherine was then beheaded with the executioner's axe. Catherine steadfastly denied any precontract, maintaining that Dereham had raped her. They allegedly became lovers, addressing each other as "husband" and "wife". You can unsubscribe at any time. [31] His son Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, a poet, remained a favourite of the King. [54] The miniature has been linked to Catherine because it dates from 1540, the year in which she married the king, and because the sitter is "adorned with jewels that are comparable to items in her inventory. Anne Boleyn (c. 1501-1536): The Union That Sparked Reformation, Beheaded He was still living in Lambeth in 1541. Entering through the Traitors' Gate, she was led to her prison cell. Catherines parents Lord Edmund Howard and Joyce Culpeper were part of the extended family of the Duke of Norfolk. Catherine Parr's death was initially the subject of speculation, with some people wondering if Thomas Seymour had poisoned her because he actually wanted to Henry and Anne were married for just six months, making her the shortest reigning of all his queens. the last moments of Catherine Howard - YouTube It was still dark when Catherine arose the following morning. Catherine Howard is buried in the Chapel of St Peter Ad Vincula at the Tower of London. The reason for her death hasnt of Catherine Parr, Sixth Wife of When the court returned from progress, Cranmer left the letter in Henrys pew for him to find. Her uncle, the Duke of Norfolk, distanced himself from the scandal by retreating to Kenninghall to write a letter of apology, laying all the blame on his niece and stepmother. When did she marry Henry VIII? Catherine died at Kimbolton Castle, as a princess not a queen, on January 7, 1536. I now entrust my soul to God and pray for his mercy. Not once did she refer to the specific offencesneither did she have anything but praise for Henry.6. The new queens maidens were selected in late 1539, by which time assuming the Spanish Chronicle was correct Catherine was 14. Catherine persistently denied it had ever existed because, as she explained, all that Dereham did unto her, was importunate [persistent] forcement, and, in a manner, violence, rather than of her free consent and will. Meanwhile, the King sank further into morbidity and indulged his appetite for food and women.[32]. She asked for the block to be brought to her room, saying that she wanted to know how she was to place her head on it. In the summer of 1541, as Henrys court embarked upon a royal progress to the north country, rumours of Catherines previous indiscretions continued to haunt her and she was forced to give favours and positions in return for silence, says Philippa Gregory. [68] The original Holbein is dated to 15351540,[60] but the National Portrait Gallery dates their copy to the late 1600s. Here, we bring you the facts Catherine Howard was the fifth wife of Henry VIII. WebOn 21 January 1542, Katherine Howard was condemned to death on charges of treason. Even the staunch Cranmer found the teenaged Catherine's frantic, incoherent state pitiable, saying, "I found her in such lamentation and heaviness as I never saw no creature, so that it would have pitied any man's heart to have looked upon her. There was a time in the summer of 1546 when Katherine came within a Both Dereham and Culpeper were tried and, their guilt being predicated on the presumption of Catherines, they were condemned to death for treason. She was the daughter of Lord Edmund Howard and Joyce Culpeper, a cousin to Anne Boleyn (the second wife of Henry VIII), and the niece of Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk. She was reluctant to marry himhe had had his second and fifth wives executedbut saying no to a proposal from the king could have had serious consequences. Francis Dereham was hung, drawn, and quartered on December News of Catherines indiscretions eventually reached Thomas Cranmer Archbishop of Canterbury and close friend of Henry VIII. It has been speculated that Henry, who was nearly 50 years old when he married Catherine, was impotent. According to historian Anna Whitelock, relations between the two were initially fraught. When the Lords of the Council came for her, she allegedly panicked and screamed as they manhandled her into the barge that would escort her to the Tower on Friday 10 February 1542, her flotilla passing under London Bridge where the heads of Culpeper and Dereham were impaled (and where they remained until 1546). While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. He accused Anne of adultery, and she was convicted and beheaded on May 19, 1536; that she had not Henry was quickly displeased with Anne but was thoroughly smitten with Catherine. ", King Henry and Catherine were married by Bishop Bonner of London at Oatlands Palace on 28 July 1540, the same day Cromwell was executed. Catherine Howard was the fifth wife of King Henry VIII of England. After the service, she was laid to rest at Peachtree Memorial Park in Peachtree Corners, GA. Why not try 6 issues of BBC History Magazine or BBC History Revealed for 9.99 delivered straight to your door + FREE access to HistoryExtra.com. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. But it is at least equally possible that he was impotent. Cats death left many questions unanswered. The royal couple's entourage travelled on honeymoon through Reading and Buckingham. Cranmer was told that Catherines music teacher, Henry Mannock, had boasted that he knew Catherines privates from all others by a privy mark, while Francis Dereham was so familiar with Catherine afore her marriage to the king that he did lie with her a hundred nights in the year in his doublet and hose abed between the sheets.. [2] He was dismissed from his post in 1539, and died in March 1539. They were executed at Tyburn on 10 December 1541, Culpeper being beheaded and Dereham being hanged, drawn and quartered. [18], Catherine was young, joyous and carefree. Catherine, too, had said that Lady Rochford would many times, being ever by, sit somewhat far off or turn her back and she [Catherine] would say to her: For Gods sake madam even near us.. Lady Rochford was executed immediately thereafter on Tower Green. #portraittuesday The Hever Castle Rose portrait of Anne Boleyn, Anne Boleyn is a pivotal character in the novel, I am Henry, #fridayfun Anne Boleyns Early Life Quiz, #portraittuesday The NPG portrait of Anne Boleyn, Maundy Thursday Anne Boleyn, King Charles III and the Royal Maundy, 3 April 1538 Anne Boleyns mother, Elizabeth Boleyn, Countess of Wiltshire, dies, Replay of my livestream The Making of a King: Henry VIIIs Education and Upbringing, The Making of a King: Henry VIIIs Education and Upbringing Livestream on YouTube 18 March. The King embarked on a lavish spending spree to celebrate his marriage, with extensive refurbishments and developments at the Palace of Whitehall. Establishing the existence of a pre-contract between Catherine and Dereham would have had the effect of terminating Catherine's marriage to Henry, but it would also have allowed Henry to annul their marriage and banish her from court to live in poverty and disgrace instead of executing her, although there is no indication that Henry would have chosen that alternative. Preparations were in place for any signs of a royal pregnancy, reported by Marillac on 15 April as "if it be found true, to have her crowned at Whitsuntide. Queen Catherine Howard went to the scaffold because it was thought she had intended to commit adultery with Francis Dereham and Thomas Culpeper. If indeed they exchanged vows before having sexual intercourse, they would have been considered married in the eyes of the Church.[12]. Henry had only entertained the idea of a match with Anne because he desperately needed new allies, says Tracy Borman. The young Catherine had few prospects, says historian Josephine Wilkinson. "[69] The painting was in the possession of the Cromwell family for centuries. Catherine and her friends were allowed to entertain male admirers in their large shared dormitory Catherine herself was young, merry and vivacious and was not scholarly or devout. When Dereham seduced her, he asked her to call him husband, while he called her wife. 1. Many of Catherine's relatives were also detained in the Tower, tried, found guilty of concealing treason and sentenced to life imprisonment and forfeiture of goods. 1. The Execution of Catherine Howard - The Anne Boleyn Files Today it is said that Catherines ghost can be seen and heard running and screaming along what is now known as the Haunted Gallery. Katherine Howard For Catherine it was a truly spectacular rise from obscurity to the seat of power, says Josephine Wilkinson. [36] Arrangements for the execution were supervised by Sir John Gage in his role as Constable of the Tower. Henry was nearly 50 years old when he married the teenage Catherine at least 30 years older than her and he was in failing health. She was just 24 years old and lived in Berkeley Lake, GA. Catherine had been married to Henry for just 18 months when she was executed at the Tower of London on 13 February 1542, and in that time did not bear Henry any children. The Spanish Chronicle goes further, asserting that Catherine was born in 1525, which would have made her no more than 17 when she died. Catherines mother died when she was young, and Catherine was brought up by her fathers stepmother, Agnes Tilney, Dowager Duchess of Norfolk at Chapuys says of Lady Rochfords execution:-, Then Lady Rochford was brought, who had shown symptoms of madness till they told her she must die. She displayed great interest in her dance lessons, but would often be distracted during them and make jokes. [63] This would seem to indicate a sitter who was still a connection to be commemorated over a century later (unlike Catherine). Within a matter of weeks in what was a truly spectacular rise from obscurity to the seat of power Catherine Howard had become his fifth queen.". Catherine, who was at least two and possibly even seven years younger than Henrys elder daughter, Mary, found the role of stepmother difficult. "[66] Herbert Norris claimed that the sitter is wearing a sleeve that follows a style set by Anne of Cleves,[67] which would date the portrait to after 6 January 1540, when Anne's marriage to Henry VIII took place. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Portrayal [ Catherine passed away on February 13, 1542 at the age of 19 in Tower of London, London, England. King Henry did not attend. The best she could hope for was a good marriage with a minor nobleman and a life of domesticity and she was placed into the household of her step-grandmother, Agnes, Dowager Duchess of Norfolk to be educated with this end in view. Catherine Howard: The death of innocence | HistoryExtra Why did Henry VIII kill his wives? | Britannica The question on many peoples minds after Cats death was how she died. He was 49, and she was between 15 and 21 years old. Catherines household was broken up, while she was removed as queen and exiled to Syon House with only a small staff to attend her. He married sometime in the late 1530s, perhaps in 1539, and there is also some evidence that he was the same age as two other men serving in the household, including his cousin Edward Waldegrave, who was in his late teens or early twenties between 1536 and 1538. In her book Elizabeth's Women, profiling the rise of Queen Elizabeth I (Catherine's stepdaughter), Tracy Borman wrote that Catherine was "as much a sexual predator as [Francis] Dereham" and blamed Catherine almost entirely for her own fate. How did she die, and does her ghost really haunt Hampton Court Palace? The union between Henry and Catherine ended in tragedy when Henry discovered Catherines sexual past and she was charged with treason. Catherine Howard Death Fact Check, Birthday & Date of Death Katherine Parr 13 February 1542 Lady Rochford and Queen Catherine Howard died repentant, 10 February 1542 Queen Catherine Howard is escorted to the Tower, 12 February 1542 Catherine Howard prepares for her execution, 10 February 1542 Catherine Howard is taken to the Tower of London, 30 June 1541 Henry VIII and Catherine Howard Set off on Progress, The Executions of Catherine Howard, Jane Boleyn, Francis Dereham and Thomas Culpeper, The Marriage of Henry VIII and Catherine Howard, Katherine Howard: Smeared Blood on an Angels Face, The arrests of Queen Anne Boleyn and her brother, George Boleyn, Lord Rochford 2 May 1536, #fridayfun Quiz: Anne Boleyns siblings, #WednesdayFact Anne Boleyn said yes with a jewel, #portraittuesday The John Hoskins miniature of Anne Boleyn. Writing for BBC History Magazine in 2016, the academic historian Josephine Wilkinson claimed that Catherine Howards relationships with Mannock and Dereham had been non-consensual. Catherine was accused of adultery and treason. Catherine Parr (c. 1512Sept. Nevertheless, every night Sir Thomas Heneage, Groom of the Stool, came to her chamber to report on the King's well-being. Updates? They quickly became firm friends, and gossip had it that they were to be married. Both men took advantage of their position of authority in the household and Catherine had no means of defending herself., The historian Lucy Worsley echoed Wilkinsons claims. Her father's sister, Elizabeth Howard, was the mother of Anne Boleyn. Cause of death. All who knew her will remember her infectious smile and kind heart. The Dowager Duchess managed large households at Chesworth House in Horsham, Sussex, and at Norfolk House in Lambeth where dozens of attendants, along with her many wards usually the children of aristocratic but poor relatives resided. [5][6] Soon after the death of her mother (c. 1528), Catherine was sent with some of her siblings to live in the care of her father's stepmother, Agnes Howard, the Dowager Duchess of Norfolk. [53] The necklace and pendant may have been given to Catherine by Henry VIII on their marriage in 1540, and she is the only queen to fit the dating whose appearance is not already known. As a child, she enjoyed playing softball and basketball at the beach. In her 2010 book Mary Tudor: England's First Queen, Whitelock details how, on 5 December 1540, Eustace Chapuys [Spanish ambassador to Henry VIIIs court from 1529 to 1545] told the emperor Charles Vs sister that the young queen Catherine had tried to remove two of Marys attendants because she believed that the princess was showing less respect to her than to her predecessors.. Meet Alex Sgambati Brother Family And Net Worth, Laci Peterson Husband: Where Is Scott Lee Peterson? Contrary to legend and The Tudors, Catherine did not utter the words I die a Queen, but I would rather die the wife of Culpeper, although I so wish she had! While living with the duchess [of Norfolk], Catherine was sexually exploited by two men of the household, she said. Lucy Worsley also takes a kinder, modern view of the accusations against Catherine and their relation to the men who took advantage of her in her youth. This was typical of the speeches given by people executed during that period, most likely in an effort to protect their families, since the condemned's last words would be relayed to the King. While at court Catherine Howard had a relationship with a Thomas Culpeper, a gentleman of the kings privy chamber, and rumours abounded that the pair were to be married. But it was Henry who secured Catherines hand: having fallen in love with Catherine and sent her gifts and love letters, on 28 July 1540 just three weeks after the kings marriage to Anne of Cleves was annulled he married Catherine at Oatlands Palace in Surrey, making her his fifth queen.

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